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Transboundary rivers have historically served as the lifelines of human civilisation, yet in modern South Asia, they increasingly function as arenas of intense geopolitical competition. The long-festering dispute over the Teesta River between India and Bangladesh serves as a prime case study of how a localised, upper-versus-lower riparian resource conflict can mutate into a…

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Bangladesh finds itself at historical, ideological, and rhetorical crossroads, caught in a profound schism over the adoption of a definitive national slogan. Far from a mere dispute over semantics or state branding, the contemporary debate has crystallized into a high-stakes confrontation between four competing, deeply entrenched ideologies. In this volatile theatre of political discourse,…